Pirate executions by the British government during the late 17th to early 18th centuries were a spectacle designed to send a message. Those found guilty of piracy in London were brought to the execution dock on the River Thames, where the gallows would be built during low tide. Once dead, the body would be left hanging until three high tides have passed, after which it would be moved to an iron gibbet (a cage) to serve as a warning against fellow pirates. Read full article here
Science
‘Ghostly’ neutrinos provide new path to study protons
In groundbreaking research, an international collaboration of scientists from the University of Rochester have used a beam of neutrinos to measure the size and shape of the protons that make up the nuclei of atoms. This feat, once thought impossible, provides scientists with a new way of looking at the small components of an atom’s nucleus and opens up a wealth of new information about the structure of an atom’s nucleus and the dynamics of the forces that affect neutrino interactions. The researchers solved the challenge of harnessing neutrinos in large numbers by using a neutrino detector containing a target of both hydrogen and carbon atoms, and over nine years of data collection at Fermilab’s accelerator. Read full article here